Espectro que inclui
- Acute form: Pityriasis lichenoides et varioliformis acuta (PLEVA)
- Febrile Ulceronecrotic Mucha-Habermann Disease (FUMHD) variant of PLEVA
- Chronic form: Pityriasis lichenoides chronica (PLC)
Epidemiology
- Pediatric population
- Male predominance
Etiology: unknown
- Theory: May not be an inflammatory process but rather a rapidly “abortive” lymphoproliferative state due to a stong immune response and the presence of a large population of FOXP3+ regulatory T cells (Saurat)
- Associated with virus: VZV, HIV, parvovirus B19, mEBV
- Medications: estrogen-progesterone, infliximab, adalimumab, statins
- T-cell lymphoproliferative disorder?
Apresentação Clínica
- Recurrent crops of spontaneously regressing erythematous to purpuric papules
- PLEVA
- versicles or pustules → Ulcer or erosion covered with blood → varioliform scars
- Asymptomatic, resolves within weeks
- FUMHD
- Confluent necrotic skin lesions
- Mucosal, gastrointestinal, pulmonary involvement
- Mortality ~15%
- PLC
- Erythematous to red-brown and scaly papules
- Indolent course over weeks to months, or relapsing course
- Shorter course if diffuse distribution
- Longest course if peripheral distribution
Histology
- Interface dermatitis
- Perivascular, periadnexal (follicular, eccrine) infiltrate
- Lymphocytic predominance
- Lymphoid atypia is not a standard feature
DDx
Tratamento
- Discontinuation of suspected medication
- Topical corticosteroids
- Tetracyclines, macrolide antibiotics
- Phototherapy (nbUVB)
- Low dose weekly MTX
- Systemic corticosteroids
- IVIg or cyclosporin
- TNF inhibitors